Mapping heavy metals accumulation in conventional rice farming system at Banyumas Regency of Central Java, Indonesia

Authors

  • Yugi R Ahadiyat Laboratory of Agroecology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
  • Ahmad Fauzi Laboratory of Agroecology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
  • Okti Herliana Laboratory of Agroecology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
  • Sapto Nugroho Hadi Laboratory of Agroecology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2023.104.4583

Keywords:

bioaccumulation, heavy metal, pollution index, rice

Abstract

Rice grains produced in the conventional system are a prime source of heavy metal exposure in the human body leading to various health problems. The objective of this study was to assess heavy metals concentration in soil and rice grain under the conventional rice farming system in Banyumas, Indonesia, the pollution index, and the bioaccumulation factor. There were thirty-seven samples collected based on soil type, elevation, and irrigation system. The heavy metals level in soil ranged from 2.7 to 39.92 ppm of Pb, 0.11 to 3.01 ppm of Cd, and 4.79 to 61.32 ppm of Cr. Pb and Cr accumulation levels were below the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). A different result in Cd exceeded the MPC in 56.75% of sampling sites. Rice grain showed a high accumulation in Pb (6.85 ppm) and Cr (5.73 ppm) that exceeds the maximum standard. Cd exceeded 24.32% of sampling sites with an average of 0.54 ppm. The Pollution Index (PI) was medium in Cd and low in Pb and Cr. The Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) of heavy metals in rice was Cd>Pb>Cr with averages of 0.64, 0.53, and 0.30, respectively. A high correlation resulted in Pb and Cd in soils and rice grains. Remediation is must done to reduce the heavy metals accumulation in soils and rice grains for environmental and health safety to prevent further contamination.

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Submitted

05-12-2022

Accepted

25-03-2023

Published

01-07-2023

How to Cite

Ahadiyat, Y. R., Fauzi, A., Herliana, O., & Hadi, S. N. (2023). Mapping heavy metals accumulation in conventional rice farming system at Banyumas Regency of Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 10(4), 4583–4592. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2023.104.4583

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 4 (2023)

Section

Research Article

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