Effects of ameliorant and fertilizer on the growth and yield of maize grown in peatlands soil of West Kalimantan Indonesia

Authors

  • Yance Waramui Postgraduate Program Brawijaya University, Malang
  • Titiek Islami Research Centre for Root and Tuber Crops Faculty of Agriculture - The University of Brawijaya Malang
  • S Sudiarso Faculty of Agriculture - The University of Brawijaya Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2019.063.1779

Keywords:

ameliorant, inorganic fertilizers, maize yield improvement, peatlands

Abstract

The use of agricultural lime ameliorant or rice husk charcoal combined with inorganic fertilizers is one of the agricultural intensification efforts in peatlands. This study aimed to find out the influence of various ameliorant types and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium inorganic fertilizer doses application on growth and yield of maize in peatlands soil was conducted in Siantan Hulu Village, Pontianak City, West Kalimantan used. This study used a split-plot design with the main plot of ameliorant types (A) consisting of three treatments i.e. without ameliorant (A0), agricultural lime of 3 t/ha (A1) and rice husk charcoal of 3 t/ha (A2). The subplot was inorganic fertilizer doses (B) consisting of three treatments i.e. B1 = 50% of N, P, and K inorganic fertilizers, B2 = 75% of N, P, and K inorganic fertilizer, and B3 = 100% of N, P, and K inorganic fertilizers. Observation on crop growth consisted of crop height, number of leaves, leaf area, crop total fresh weight, crop total dry weight, and crop growth rate. Yield observation consisted of ear length, ear diameter, 100-dry seed weight, seed yield weight per hectare, and harvest index (IP). The results of the study indicated that rice husk charcoal application of 3 t/ha gave seed yield weight of 7.25 t/ha that was higher than that of agricultural lime that produced 6.34 t/ha seed yield and without ameliorant that produced the lowest seed yield of 4.18 t/ha. Application of N, P, and K inorganic fertilizer dose of 75% produced an insignificant difference seed yield compared to the dose of 100%, which were 6.32 t/ha and 6.69 t/ha, respectively. Therefore, the application of N, P, and K inorganic fertilizer dose of 75% is recommended as a basic of maize fertilization.

References

Agus, F. and Subiksa, I.G.M. 2008. Peatlands: the Potential for Agriculture and Environmental Aspect. Soil Research Center. Center for Agricultural Research and Development. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Bogor. Pp 12-14 (in Indonesian).

Ambak, K., Zahari, A.B. and Tadano, T.1991. Effect of micronutrient application on the growth of crop plants and on the occurrence of crop sterility I Malaysia peat soil. in Aminuddin et al (Eds) Tropical Peat. Proceeding of the International Symposium on Tropical Peatland. Kuching Serawak 6 - 10 May 1991. p 399-409.

Gardner, F.P, Pearce, R.B. and Mitchell, R.L. 1991. Cultivated Plant Physiology. UI press. Jakarta. pp. 78 – 85.

Goldsworthy, P.R. and N.M. Fisher. 1996. Tropical Cultivated Plant Physiology, Second Edition. Translation: Tohari from the Physiology of Tropical Field Crops (1984). Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.

Jumini, Nurhayati and Murzani. 2011. Effect of NPK fertilizer combination and fertilization techniques on sweet maize growth and yield. Jurnal Floratek 6: 156-170 (in Indonesian).

Lingga, P. and Marsono. 2007. Guidance for Fertilizers Utilization. PT. Penebar Swadaya (in Indonesian).

Masdar. 2006. The influence of the number of seedling per planting point and seedling age on reproductive growth of non-inundation irrigation rice. Jurnal Dinamika Pertanian 21(2): 121-126 (in Indonesian).

Masulili, A., Utomo, W.H. and Syechfani, M.S. 2010. Rice husk biochar for rice based cropping system in acid soil 1. The characteristics of rice husk biochar and its influence on the properties of acid sulfate soils and rice growth in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Agricultural Science 2(1): 39-47.

Ministry of Agriculture. 2015. Strategic Plan of the Ministry of Agriculture 2015-2019. www.pertanian.go.id. (in Indonesian).

Rahni, N.M. 2012. Effect of PGPR phytohormone on maize (Zea mays) growth. Jurnal Agribisnis dan Pengembangan Wilayah 3 (2): 27-35 (in Indonesian).

Rajaguguk, B. 1995. Utilization and management of peatland in Indonesia for agriculture and forestry. Proceeding of International Symposium on Tropical Pearland, Kuching Malaysia.

Simane, B., Peacock, J.M. and Struik, P.C. 1993. Differences in developmental plasticity and growth rate among drought-resistant and susceptible cultivars of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). Plant and Soil 157(2): 155-166.

Sinaga, H.P. 2010. Effect of Addition of rice husk charcoal and ilalang (Imperata cylindrica l.) charcoal on physical and chemical properties of well water. http://repository.usu.ac.id. (in Indonesian).

Sitompul, S.M. and Guritno, B. 1995. Plant Growth Analysis. UGM Press. Yogyakarta (in Indonesian).

Subagjo, H. 2002. Pearland Distribution and Potential in Indonesia for Agricultural Development. a Proceeding in Workshop on Study of Peat Status and Distribution in Indonesia. Bogor. 197 – 222.

Supriyanto and Fiona, F. 2010.The use of husk charcoal to improve Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq seedling in subsoil media. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika 1(1): 24-28 (in Indonesian).

Tan, K.H. 1986. Soil Mineral Degradation by Organic Acids. In Huang, P.M and M. Schnitzer, Editor. Soil Mineral Interaction with Natural Organics and Microbes. SSSA Special Publication Number 17 Soil Science Society of America, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Taufiq, A. 2014. Identification of Nutrient Issue in Peanut Crops. The Ministry of Agriculture. Center for Various Nuts and Tubers Research. Malang. p. 6 – 7 (in Indonesian).

Verdiana, M.A., Sebayang, H.T. and Sumarni, T. 2016. The influence of various rice husk biochar and NPK fertilizer doses on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and yield. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman 4 (8): 611 – 616 (in Indonesian).

Wahyudin, A., Ruminta, R. and Bachtiar, D.C. 2015. Effect of different spacing on various doses of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of P-12 hybrid maize in Jatinangor. Kultivasi 14(1): 1-8 (in Indonesian).

Widowati, W., Asnah, A. and Utomo, W.H. 2014. The use of biochar to reduce nitrogen and potassium leaching from soil cultivated with maize. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 2(1): 211-218.

Downloads

Submitted

06-03-2019

Accepted

12-03-2019

Published

01-04-2019

How to Cite

Waramui, Y., Islami, T., & Sudiarso, S. (2019). Effects of ameliorant and fertilizer on the growth and yield of maize grown in peatlands soil of West Kalimantan Indonesia. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 6(3), 1779–1787. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2019.063.1779

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 3 (2019)

Section

Research Article

License

Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Scientific Journal by Eko Handayanto is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://ub.ac.id.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at https://ircmedmind.ub.ac.id/.