Soil macrofauna diversity and structure under different management of pine-coffee agroforestry system
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2019.063.1727Keywords:
agroforestry, biodiversity, land management, land use, soil invertebratesAbstract
The role of tropical forests for maintaining environmental functions is decreasing due to the rapid changes to agricultural purposes. Agroforestry system is assumed to be an alternative system which reduces the negative impact of the conversion in term of maintaining the level of soil macrofauna diversity. This study was conducted at UB Forest within the period November 2017 to February 2018 by collecting soil macrofauna from 9 different land use types using hand sorting along with pitfall sampling for comparison. ANOVA and various diversity indexes were used (Shannon index, Pielu index, etc) to determine macrofauna structure and communities. Total soil C was examined using Walkley and Black method along with Particulate Organic Matter (POM) C fractionation approaches. Litter inputs were collected using a litter trap method, whilst in-situ litter were determined using destructive methods. Biplot and CVA multivariate analyses were adopted to determine the impact of different management on soil macrofauna diversity and structure. The result showed that conversion to agriculture practices reduced the structure, population and abundance of soil macrofauna as litter production, organic matter and soil C content decreased. The lowest abundance of individual soil macrofauna at monoculture system (PM) was reduced to 45 morphospecies compared to pine coffee agroforestry at the age of 4 (PK4:20 years after planting) system as much as 104 morphospecies. There was a strong relationship between litter thickness and the abundance of soil macrofauna. Both methods (Hand sorting vs Pitfalls traps), had a different ability for collecting soil macrofauna communities. Species occurs at rich or low organic matter input can be adopted as soil macrofauna bioindicator of changes on an ecosystem. Biplot and CVA methods can be used to distinguish and to cluster the impact of different management at various agroforestry systems.
Â
References
Altieri, M.A. and Nicholls, C.I. 2004. Biodiversity and Pest Management in Agroecosystems. Haworth Press-New York.
Altieri, M.A., Nicholls, C.I. and Ponti, L. 2009. Crop Diversification Strategies for Pest Regulation in IPM Systems. In: Radcliffe E.B., Hutchinson W.D., Cancelado R.E. (eds.), Integrated Pest Management: Concepts, Tactics, Strategies and Case Studies. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK: 116-130. ISBN 978-0-521-87595-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511626463.011
Anderson, J.M. and Ingram, J.S.I. 1993. Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility: A Handbook of Methods (2nd ed.). Wallingford: CAB International.
Araujo A.S.F, Cezars, S., Leite, L.F.C., Borges, C.D., Tsai, S.M. and Eisenhauer, N. 2013. Soil microbial properties and temporal stability in degraded and restored lands of northeast Brazil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 66: 175–181.
Barros, E., Pashanasi, B., Constantino, R. and Lavelle, P. 2002. Effect of land use system on the soil macrofauna in western Brazilian Amazonia. Biology and Fertility of Soil 35:338-347.
Barros, E., Neves, A., Blanchart, E., Fernandes, E.C.M., Wandelli, E. and Lavelle, P. 2003. Development of soil macrofauna community under silvopastoral and agrosilvicultural systems in Amazonia. Pedobiologia 47(3): 272-280.
Blanchart, E., Albrecht A., Brown G.G., Decaëns T., Dubboisset A., Lavelle P., Mariani L. and Roose E. 2004. Effects of tropical endogeic earthworms on soil erosion: a review. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 104: 303-3015.
Borror, D.J., Triplehorn, C.A. and Johnson, N.F. 2005. Study of Insects. 7 th Edition. Thomson Brooks/Cole. Australia, Canada, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States.
Brower, J., Jernold, Z. and Von Ende, C. 1990. Field and Laboratory Method for General Ecology. Third Edition. USA: W. M. C. Brown Publishers.
Dindal, D.L. 1990. Soil Biology Guide. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Elfahmi, Woerdenbag, H. and Kayser, O. 2014. Jamu: Indonesian traditional herbal medicine towards rational phytopharmacological use. Journal of Herbal Medicine 4(2): 51 73. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.hermed.2014.01.002
Evizal, R., Sugiatno, Prasmatiwi, F.E. and Nurmayasari, I. 2016. Shade tree species diversity and coffee productivity in Sumberjaya, West Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17(1): 234-240
Evizal, R., Tohari, Prijambada, I.D., Widada, J. and Widianto, D. 2009. Biomass production of shade-grown coffee agroecosystems. Proceeding International Seminar on Sustainable Biomass Production and Utilization Challenges and Opportunities (ISOMASS). Bandar Lampung, 3-4 August 2009.
Gliessman, S.R. 2007. Agroecology: the ecology of sustainable food systems. Second edition. CRC press.
Kent, M. and Cooker, P. 1992 Vegetation Description and Analysis: A Practical Approach. London: Belhaven press.
Kinasih, I., Cahyanto T., Widiana, A., Kurnia, D.N.I., Julita, U. and Putra R.E. 2016. Soil Invertebrate’s diversity in coffee pine agroforestry system at Sumedang, West Jawa. Biodiversitas 17(2) 473-478.
Lavelle, P., Decaëns, T., Aubert, M., Barot, S., Blouin, M., Bureau, F., Margerie, P., Mora, P. and Rossi, J.P. 2006. Soil invertebrates and ecosystem services. European Journal of Soil Biology 42 Supplement1: S3-S15.
Ludwig, J.A. and Reynolds, J.F. 1988. Statistical Ecology: A Primer on Methods and Computing. Wiley, New York.
Merlim, A.O., Guerra, J.G.M., Junqueira, R.M. and de Aquino, A.M. 2005. Soil macrofauna in cover crops of figs grown under organic management. Scientia Agricola 62(1): 57-61.
Moco, M.K.S, Gama-Rodrigues E.F., Gama-Rodrigues A.C., Machado R.C.R. and Baligar V.C. 2010. Relationships between invertebrate communities, litter quality and soil attributes under different cacao agroforestry systems in the south of Bahia, Brazil. Applied Soil Ecology 46:347–354.
Moco, M.K.S., Gama-Rodrigues, E.F., Gama-Rodrigues, A.C., Machado, R.C.R. and Baligar, V.C. 2009. Soil and litter fauna of cacao agroforestry systems in Bahia, Brazil. Agroforestry System 76(1): 127-138.
Morris, E.K., Carusso, T., Buscot, F., Ficher, M., Hancok, C., Maier, T.S., Meiners, T., Muller, C., Obermaier, E., Prati, D., Socher, S.S., Sonneman, I., Wascke, N., Wubet, T., Wurst, S. and Rilig, M.C. 2014. Choosing and using diversity indices: insights for ecological applications from the German Biodiversity Exploratories. Ecology and Evolution 4(18):3514-3524.
Mulder, C.P.H., Bazeley-White, E., Dimitrakopoulos, P.G., Hector, A., Scherer-Lorenzen, M. and Schmid, B. 2004. Species evenness and productivity in experimental plant communities. Oikos 107:50– 63.
Rahman P.M., Varma. R.V., and Sileshi, G.W. 2012., Abundance and diversity of soil invertebrates in annual crops, agroforestry and forest ecosystem in the Nilgiri biosphere reserve of Western Ghats, India. Agroforestry System 85:165-177.
Rodriguez-Saona, C., Blaauw, B.R. and Isaacc, R. 2012. Manipulation of natural enemies in agroecosystems: Habitat and semiochemicals for sustainable insect pest control in integrated pest management and pest control – current and future tactics. Edited by Soloneski. In Tech. p. 89-126.
Salazar, J.C.S., Bautista, E.H.D. and Patino, G.R. 2015. Soil macrofauna associated to agroforestry systems in Colombian Amazon. Soil Science: Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Biochemistry and Hydrology. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/acag.v64n3.43488
Siqueira G.M., Silva, E.F.F. and Paz-Ferreiro, J. 2014. Land use intensification effects in soil arthropod community of an Entisol in Pernambuco state, Brazil. The Scientific World Journal: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/625856
Sisay, M. and Ketema, H. 2015. Variation in abundance and diversity of soil invertebrate macro-fauna and some soil quality indicators under agroforestry based conservation tillage and maize-based conventional tillage in Southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development 2(8): 100-107
Sistla, S.A., Roddy, A.B., Williams, N.E., Kramer, D.B., Stevens, K. and Allison, S.D. 2016. Agroforestry practices promote biodiversity and natural resource diversity in Atlantic Nicaragua. PLoS One 11(9): e0162529. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0162529
Toana, M.H., Mudjiono, G., Karindah, S. and Abadi, A.L. 2014. Diversity of arthropods on cocoa plantation in three strata of shade tree. Agrivita Journal of Agricultural Science 36: 120-127.
Vasconcelos, H.L., Pacheco, R., Silva R.C., Vasconcelos, P.B., Lopes, C.T., Costa, A.N. and Bruna, E.M. 2009. Dynamics of the leaf-litter arthropod fauna following fire in a Neotropical Woodland Savanna. PLoS One 4: e7762. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007762
Verbist, B., Putra, A.E.D. and Budidarsono, S. 2005. Factors driving land use change: Effects on watershed functions in a coffee agroforestry system in Lampung, Sumatra. Agriculture System 85: 254-270
Von Rintelen, K., Arida, E. and Häuser, C. 2017. A review of biodiversity-related issues and challenges in megadiverse Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries. Research Ideas and Outcomes 3: e20860. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e20860
Walkley, A. and Black, I.A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjaref method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37:29-38.
Wardle, D.A., Yeates, G.W., Barker, G.M. and Bonner, K.I. 2006. The influence of plant litter diversity on decomposer abundance and diversity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 36: 1052-1062
Wu, T., Ayres, E., Bardgett, R.D., Wall, D.H. and Garey, J.R. 2011. Molecular study of worldwide distribution and diversity of soil animals. PNAS 108: 17720-17725.
Zaitsev, A.S., Chauvat, M. and Wolters, V. 2014. Spruce forest conversion to a mixed beech-coniferous stand modifies oribatid community structure. Applied Soil Ecology 76: 60-67.
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher. 
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Scientific Journal by Eko Handayanto is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://ub.ac.id.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at https://ircmedmind.ub.ac.id/.
This work is licensed under a 