Slope stability analysis by integration of seismic refraction method and geotechnical soil testing: Case study of landslide in Bulobulo Village, Barru Regency, Indonesia

Authors

  • Dwi Nurfajriana Sam Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Altin Massinai Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7102-3881
  • Andi Muhamad Pramatadie Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2024.123.7779

Keywords:

geotechnical testing, landslide , natural disaster , seismic refraction, slope safety factor

Abstract

This research investigated slope stability issues in Bulobulo Village, Barru Regency in Indonesia, which is known to experience very high landslide occurrences, particularly in steep slopes with seasonally altered overburden rocks through refraction seismic method and geotechnical analysis. This study conducted mechanical and physical soil tests in the laboratory, and the geophysics study investigated subsurface configuration. The set of data collected also reflected some seismic velocity anomalies, which are signs of variations in the arrangement of the substructure. A geotechnical investigation of the slope showed low cohesiveness and high water content, which were detrimental to stability. The factor of safety (FoS) calculated using the limit equilibrium technique established some slopes as being in a critical state and, hence, at risk of landslides. Such integration of methods allows one to make data-driven proposals for landslide prevention and provides a comprehensive comprehension of slope performance.

References

Albanwan, H., Qin, R. and Liu, J. 2024. Remote sensing-based 3D assessment of landslides: A review of the data, methods, and applications. Remote Sensing 16(3):455. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16030455

Arisona, A., Ishola, K.S. and Nawawi, M.N.M. 2020. Subsurface void mapping using geophysical and geotechnical techniques with uncertainties estimation: Case study of Kinta Valley, Perak, Malaysia. SN Applied Sciences 2(7):1171. https://doi.org/1007/s42452-020-2967-x

Baluch, K., Kim, J.G., Kim, J.G., Ko, Y.H., Jung, S.W. and Baluch, S.Q. 2022. Assessment of sinkholes investigations in Jangseong-Gun Area, South Korea, and recommendations for similar studies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19(3):1111. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031111

Bekele, A. and Meten, M. 2023. Modeling rock slope stability using kinematic, limit equilibrium and finite-element methods along Mertule Maryam–Mekane Selam road, central Ethiopia. Modeling Earth Systems and Environment 9(2):1559-1585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-022-01563-8

Bruno, P.P.G. 2023. Seismic exploration methods for structural studies and for active fault characterization: A review. Applied Sciences 13(16):9473. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169473

Chen, C.W., Tung, Y.S., Chu, F.Y., Li, H.C. and Chen, Y.M. 2024. Assessing landslide risks across varied land-use types in the face of climate change. Landslides. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-024-02436-0

Derakhshan-Babaei, F., Nosrati, K., Tikhomirov, D., Christl, M., Sadough, H. and Egli, M. 2020. Relating the spatial variability of chemical weathering and erosion to geological and topographical zones. Geomorphology 363:107235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107235

Garcia, G.P.B., Soares, L.P., Espadoto, M. and Grohmann, C.H. 2023. Relict landslide detection using deep-learning architectures for image segmentation in rainforest areas: a new framework. International Journal of Remote Sensing 44(14):5240-5260. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2023.2197130

Guedes, V.J.C.B., Maciel, S.T.R. and Rocha, M.P. 2022. Refrapy: A Python program for seismic refraction data analysis. Computers and Geosciences 159:105020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2021.105020

Haslan, H., Djamaluddin, D., Anwar, H. and Munir, A.S. 2021. Slope mass rating and slope stability of Balangbaru formation sandstone Paludda Hamlet, Patappa Village, Pujananting District, Barru Regency. Jurnal GEOSAPTA 7(1):35. https://doi.org/10.20527/jg.v7i1.7802

Hussin, H., Arifin, M.H., Rusydy, I., Lai, G.T. and Udin, W.S. 2024. Assessment of rock mass quality and rockfall potential evaluation for reclamation of a quarry. ASEAN Engineering Journal 14. https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v14.19950

Jiang, W., Liao, A., Liu, J. and Liu, G. 2023. Combining time-lapse electrical resistivity and self-potential methods to assess soil moisture dynamics in a forested catchment under the rainfall event. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2023-190

Kang, K.H., Chao, W.A., Yang, C.M., Chung, M.C., Kuo, Y.T., Yeh, C.H., Liu, H.C., Lin, C.H., Lin, C.P., Liao, J.J., Chang, J.M., Ngui, Y.J., Chen, C.H. and Tai, T.L. 2021. Rigidity strengthening of landslide materials measured by seismic interferometry. Remote Sensing 13(14):2834. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13142834

Kifle, N.T., Melese, D.T., Bafena, H.T. and Negesa, A.B. 2023. Evaluating the effectiveness of nonwoven geotextile-encased cinder gravel column in improving load-bearing and deformation characteristics of soft clay. Advances in Civil Engineering 2023(3):20. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1753757

Komadja, G.C., Pradhan, S.P., Oluwasegun, A.D., Roul, A.R., Stanislas, T.T., Laïbi, R.A., Adebayo, B. and Onwualu, A.P. 2021. Geotechnical and geological investigation of slope stability of a section of road cut debris-slopes along NH-7, Uttarakhand, India. Results in Engineering 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2021.100227

Malehmir, A., Socco, L.V., Bastani, M., Krawczyk, C.M., Pfaffhuber, A.A., Miller, R.D., Maurer, H., Frauenfelder, R., Suto, K., Bazin, S., Merz, K. and Dahlin, T. 2016. Near-surface geophysical characterization of areas prone to natural hazards. Advances in Geophysics 57:51–146. https://doi.org/1016/bs.agph.2016.08.001

Massinai, M.A., Massinai, M.F.I. and Syamsuddin, E. 2023. Land subsidence assessment on karst based on resistivity and geotechnical parameters. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 10(2):4047-4059. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2023.102.4047

Ouyang, S., Chen, W., Liu, H., Li, Y. and Xu, Z. 2024. A novel landslide susceptibility prediction framework based on contrastive loss. GIScience and Remote Sensing 61(1):2306740. https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2024.2306740

Psomiadis, E., Papazachariou, A., Soulis, K.X., Alexiou, D.S. and Charalampopoulos, I. 2020. Landslide mapping and susceptibility assessment using geospatial analysis and earth observation data. Land 9(5):133. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9050133

Saad, A.M., Sakr, M.A.H., Selim, M.Sh.A., Taalab, S.A., Zakaly, H.M.H., Aboueldahab, S.M., Omar, A.E., Zayed, M., Issa, S.A.M. and Awad, H.A. 2024. Geotechnical and geophysical investigations for infrastructure safety zones: A case study of the supporting ring road, Cairo, Egypt. Scientific Reports 14(1):29670. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72337-8

Sujit, M. 2015. Assessing cohesion, friction angle and slope instability in the Shivkhola watershed of Darjiling Himalaya. International Research Journal of Earth Sciences 3(8):1-10.

Sukamto, R. and Supriatna, S. 1982. Geological map of Ujungpandang Sheet System. Benteng, and Sinjai Sulawesi, Geological Research and Development Center, Bandung (in Indonesian).

Tamiru, M., Kabeta, W.F., Tsige, D., Ware, H. and Zeberga, T. 2024. Geotechnical analysis and stability assessment of a landslide event in Gera Woreda, Ethiopia. Cogent Engineering 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916. 2405745

Von Voigtlander, J., Clark, M.K., Zekkos, D., Greenwood, W.W., Anderson, S.P., Anderson, R.S. and Godt, J.W. 2018. Strong variation in weathering of layered rock maintains hillslope?scale strength under high precipitation. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 43(6):1183-1194. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4290

Wei, L., Zeng, Z. and Yan, J. 2024. Factors affecting the stability of loess landslides: A review. Applied Sciences 14(7):2735. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14072735, Special Issue Recent Advances in Modeling, Assessment, and Mitigation of Landslide Hazards.

Xu, Y., Luo, L., Guo, W., Jin, Z., Tian, P. and Wang, W. 2024. Vegetation changes main erosion type on the gully–slope on the Chinese loess plateau under extreme rainfall: Reducing gully erosion and promoting shallow landslides. Water Resources Research 60(2):e2023WR036307. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023WR036307

Zhao, B., Liao, H. and Su, L. 2021. Landslides triggered by the 2018 Lombok earthquake sequence, Indonesia. Catena 207:105676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2021.105676

Downloads

Submitted

06-01-2025

Accepted

16-03-2025

Published

01-04-2025

How to Cite

Sam, D. N., Massinai, M. A., & Pramatadie, A. M. (2025). Slope stability analysis by integration of seismic refraction method and geotechnical soil testing: Case study of landslide in Bulobulo Village, Barru Regency, Indonesia . Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 12(3), 7779–7787. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2024.123.7779

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025)

Section

Research Article

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Scientific Journal by Eko Handayanto is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://ub.ac.id.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at https://ircmedmind.ub.ac.id/.

Most read articles by the same author(s)