Optimizing an Ultisol of marginal land for soybean cultivation through inorganic fertilizer substitution with Tithonia compost and biochar ameliorant
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2024.121.6685Keywords:
ameliorants , biofertilization, soybean, substitution, UltisolAbstract
Soybean has a strategic role as a food commodity in Jambi, Indonesia, but until now, it has still not been self-sufficient. There is still an opportunity to increase soybean productivity in Jambi by 35-49.6% by optimizing the use of marginal, dominated by Ultisol, which has low inherent soil fertility. One of the efforts that can be made to improve soil fertility for cultivating soybean plants in Jambi is to utilize compost and biochar as soil ameliorants to substitute for inorganic fertilizer. This study aimed to assess the effect of compost and biochar ameliorant as substitutes for inorganic fertilizer on the growth and yield of soybean plants grown on an Ultisol of Jambi. The experiment was arranged in a simple randomized block design with the combination of the percentage of inorganic fertilizer with compost and biochar ameliorant (100+0, 75+25, 50+50, 25+75, and 0+100) as the treatment factors. The observed variables were plant height, number of branches, plant nitrogen content, rate of symbiotically fixed nitrogen, weight of 100 seeds, and yield. The results showed that providing compost and biochar ameliorants can replace the role of inorganic fertilizer, and providing 100% compost and biochar ameliorant and a combination of 25% inorganic fertilizer and 75% compost biochar ameliorant can provide the highest growth and yield in soybean plants planted in Ultisol dry land.
References
Adiningsih, J.S. and M. Sudjadi. 1993. The role of the alley cropping system in increasing soil fertility on acid dry land. Minutes of Seminar on Soil and Agroclimate Research Results. Soil and Agroclimate Research Center, Bogor.
Atkinson, J.C., Fitzgerald, J.D and Hipps, N.A. 2010. Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: A review. Plant and Soil 337(1):1-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0464-5
Badan Perencana Pembangunan Daerah Jambi. 2013. Jambi Province Regional Regulation concerning Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) for Jambi Province 2013-2033 (in Indonesian).
BPS-Statistic Indonesia. 2023. Statistical Yearbook of Indonesia 2021. BPS-Statistic Indonesia, Jakarta.
Buren, S. and Rubio, L.M. 2017. State of the art in eu-karyotic nitrogenase engineering. FEMS Microbiolo-gy Letters 365:fnx274. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx274
Cheng, C.H., Lehmann, J., Thies, J.E. and Burton, S.D. 2008. Stability of black carbon in soil across a climate gradient. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 113:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JG000642
Dewi, N.M.E.Y., Setiyo, Y. and Nada, I.M. 2017. Effect of additional ingredients on the quality of cow dung compost. BETA Journal (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) 5(1):76-82 (in Indonesian).
Goldan, E., Nedeff, V., Barsan, N., Culea, M., Panainte-Lehadus, M., Mosnegutu, E., Tomozei, C., Chitimus, and Irimia, O. 2023. Assessment of manure compost used as soil amendment - A review. Processes 11(4):1167. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11041167
Heryani, U., Hidayat, B. and Mukhlis. 2018. Utilization of several types of biochar to maintain total N of Inceptisol. Jurnal Pertanian Tropika 5(3):374-381 (in Indonesian). https://doi.org/10.32734/jpt.v5i3.3103
Ibrahim A., Marie, H.A.M.E. and Elfaki, J. 2021. Impact of biochar and compost on aggregate stability in loamy sand soil. Agricultural Research Journal 58(1):34-44. https://doi.org/10.5958/2395-146X.2021.00005.3
Jama, B., Palm, C.A., Buresh, R.J., Niang, A., Gachengo, C., Nziguheba, G. and Amadalo, B. 2000. Tithonia diversifolia as a green manure for soil fertility improvement in western Kenya: A review. Agroforestry Systems 49(2):201-221. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006339025728
Kawade, K., Tabeta, H., Ferjani, A. And Hirai, M.Y. 2023. The roles of functional amino acids in plant growth and development. Plant and Cell Physiology 64(12):1482-1493. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcad071
Lestari, A.P., Zulkarnain, Adriani, Mapegau, Eliyanti and A Riduan. 2024. Ultisol optimization strategy: the use of Tithonia compost and rice husk biochar to improve nodulation and promote soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) growth. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 11(2):5419-5427. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2024.112.5419
Li, Y., Cui, S., Chang, S.X. and Zhang, Q. 2019. Liming effects on soil pH and crop yield depend on lime material type, application method and rate, and crop species: a global meta-analysis. Journal of Soils and Sediments 19:1393-1406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2120-2
Luo, K., Xie, C., Yuan, X., Liu, S., Chen, P., Du, Q., Zheng, B., Fu, Z., Wang, X., Yong, T. and Yang, W. 2023. Biochar and biofertilizer reduce nitrogen input and increase soybean yield in a corn relay intercropping system. BMC Plant Biology 23:Article number: 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04058-5
Mawardiana, Sufardi, and Husen, E. 2013. The effect of biochar residue and NPK fertilization on nitrogen dynamics, soil chemical properties and rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield in the third growing season. Jurnal Manajemen Sumberdaya Lahan 2(3):255-260 (in Indonesian).
Ministry of Agriculture. 2019. Data for the Last Five Years. Jakarta (in Indonesian).
Purwani, J. 2011. Utilization of Tithonia diversifolia (Hamsley) A. Gray for soil improvement. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Agricultural Land Resources. Book II: Land Conservation, Fertilization, and Soil Biology, p. 253- 263. Bogor 30 November - 1 December 2010 (in Indonesian).
Schnell, R.W., Vietor, D.M., Provin, T.L., Munster, C.L. and Capareda, S. 2011. Capacity of biochar application to maintain energy crop productivity: soil chemistry, sorghum growth, and runoff water quality effects. Jurnal of Enviromental Quality 41:1044-1051. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0077
Siregar, D.A., Lahay, R.R. and Rahmawati, N. 2017. Response of growth and production of soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill) to the application of rice husk biochar and P fertilizer. Jurnal of Agroekoteknologi FP USU 5(3):722-728 (in Indonesian).
Soepardi, G. 2001. Land resource-based agribusiness farming strategy. Proceedings of the National Seminar on Land Resources and Fertilizer Management, Cisarua, Bogor, 30-31 October 2001. Soil and Agroclimate Research and Development Center, Department of Agriculture (in Indonesian).
Solaiman, Z.M. and Anawar, H.M. 2015. Application of biochars for soil constraints: Challenges and solution. Pedosphere 25(5): 631-638. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(15)30044-8
Tambunan, S., Siswanto, B. and Handayanto, E. 2014. Effect of application of fresh organic matter and biochar on P availability in soil in dry land in South Malang. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 1(1):85-92 (in Indonesian).
Yulnafatmawita, and Adrinal. 2014. Physical characteristics of Ultisols and the impact on soil loss during soybean (Glycine max Merr) cultivation in a wet tropical area. Agrivita: Journal of Agricultlral Science 36(1):57-64. https://doi.org/10.17503/Agrivita-2014-36-1-p057-064
Zakaria, A.K. 2010. Soybean agribusiness development program to increase production and farmer income. Jurnal Penelitiaan dan Pengembangan Pertanian 29(4):67-68 (in Indonesian).
Zulfiqar, Z.F., Chen, J., Younis, A., Abideen, Z., Naveed, M., Koyro, H.W. and Siddique, K.H.M. 2021. Application of biochar, compost, and biochar-compost mixture modulates the growth, photosynthesis, osmolytes, and antioxidant systems of the medicinal plant Alpinia zerumbet. Frontiers in Plant Science 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.707061
Zuraida, P.A, and Nuraini. Y. 2021. Effect of application of cow manure and tithonia compost on soil chemical properties and soybean growth. Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan 8(1):23-133 (in Indonesian). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.1.16
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, or thesis) that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that if and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors agree to automatic transfer of the copyright to the publisher. 
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Scientific Journal by Eko Handayanto is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://ub.ac.id.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at https://ircmedmind.ub.ac.id/.
This work is licensed under a 